SPTP расширение XCLIENT в Postfix

Идеология SMTP расширения XCLIENT в Postfix

Команда XCLIENT нацелена на решение следующих проблем:

1. Тестирования доступа. Правила доступа для SMTP сервера сложно тестировать в том случае, когда решение о предоставлении доступа принимается на основе информации об удаленном клиенте. Чтобы обойти это ограничение авторизованный "тестовый" SMTP клиент должен иметь возможность выступить в роли произвольного клиента. Это означает переопределение им заставить SMTP сервер воспринимать себя в роли зависят удаленногоserver access rules are difficult to verify when decisions can be triggered only by remote clients. In order to facilitate access rule testing, an authorized SMTP client test program needs the ability to override the SMTP server's idea of the SMTP client hostname, network address, and other client information, for the entire duration of an SMTP session.

2. Client software that downloads mail from an up-stream mail server and injects it into a local MTA via SMTP. In order to take advantage of the local MTA's SMTP server access rules, the client software needs the ability to override the SMTP server's idea of the remote client name, client address and other information. Such information can typically be extracted from the up-stream mail server's Received: message header.

3. Post-filter access control and logging. With Internet->filter->MTA style content filter applications, the filter can be simplified if it can delegate decisions concerning mail relay and other access control to the MTA. This is especially useful when the filter acts as a transparent proxy for SMTP commands. This requires that the filter can override the MTA's idea of the SMTP client hostname, network address, and other information.

XCLIENT Command syntax

Examples of client-server conversations are given at the end of this document.

In SMTP server EHLO replies, the keyword associated with this extension is XCLIENT. It is followed by the names of the attributes that the XCLIENT implementation supports.

The XCLIENT command may be sent at any time except in the middle of a mail delivery transaction (i.e. between MAIL and DOT). The XCLIENT command may be pipelined when the server supports ESMTP command pipelining.

The syntax of XCLIENT requests is described below. Upper case and quoted strings specify terminals, lowercase strings specify meta terminals, and SP is whitespace. Although command and attribute names are shown in upper case, they are in fact case insensitive.

xclient-command = XCLIENT 1*( SP attribute-name"="attribute-value )

attribute-name = ( NAME | ADDR | PROTO | HELO )

• The NAME attribute specifies an SMTP client hostname (not an SMTP client address), [UNAVAILABLE] when client hostname lookup failed due to a permanent error, or [TEMPUNAVAIL] when the lookup error condition was transient.

• The ADDR attribute specifies an SMTP client numerical IPv4 network address, an IPv6 address prefixed with IPV6:, or [UNAVAILABLE] when the address information is unavailable. Address information is not enclosed with [].

• The PROTO attribute specifies either SMTP or ESMTP.

• The HELO attribute specifies an SMTP HELO parameter value, or the value [UNAVAILABLE] when the information is unavailable.

Note 1: syntactically valid NAME and HELO attributes can be up to 255 characters long. The client must not send XCLIENT commands that exceed the 512 character limit for SMTP commands. To avoid exceeding the limit the client should send the information in multiple XCLIENT commands.

Note 2: [UNAVAILABLE], [TEMPUNAVAIL] and IPV6: may be specified in upper case, lower case or mixed case.

The XCLIENT server reply codes are as follows:

Code	Meaning
250	success
501	bad command parameter syntax
503	mail transaction in progress
421	unable to proceed, disconnecting

XCLIENT Examples

In the first example, the client impersonates a mail originating system by passing all SMTP session information via XCLIENT commands. Information sent by the client is shown in bold font.

220 server.example.com ESMTP Postfix
EHLO client.example.com
250-server.example.com
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 10240000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-XCLIENT NAME ADDR PROTO HELO
250 8BITMIME
XCLIENT NAME=spike.porcupine.org ADDR=168.100.189.2 PROTO=ESMTP 
250 Ok
XCLIENT HELO=spike.porcupine.org
250 Ok
MAIL FROM:<[email protected]>
250 Ok
RCPT TO:<[email protected]>
250 Ok
DATA
354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
. . .message content. . .
.
250 Ok: queued as 763402AAE6
QUIT
221 Bye

In the second example, the client impersonates a mail originating system by sending the XCLIENT command before the EHLO or HELO command. This increases the realism of impersonation, but requires that the client knows ahead of time what XCLIENT options the server supports.

220 server.example.com ESMTP Postfix
XCLIENT NAME=spike.porcupine.org ADDR=168.100.189.2
250 Ok
HELO spike.porcupine.org
250 server.example.com
MAIL FROM:<[email protected]>
250 Ok
RCPT TO:<[email protected]>
250 Ok
DATA
354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
. . .message content. . .
.
250 Ok: queued as CF1E52AAE7
QUIT
221 Bye

Security

The XCLIENT command changes audit trails and/or SMTP client access permissions. Use of this command must be restricted to authorized SMTP clients. However, the XCLIENT command should not override its own access control mechanism.

SMTP connection caching

XCLIENT attributes persist until the end of an SMTP session. If one session is used to deliver mail on behalf of different SMTP clients, the XCLIENT attributes need to be reset as appropriate before each MAIL FROM command.